An open letter to judges/จดหมายเปิดผนึกถึงผู้พิพากษาและตุลาการ

20 03 2013

The Campaign Committee for the Amendment of Article 112, The 24th of June for Democracy, Saeng Samnuk Writer Club, Poets for People, Patinya Na San and Nitirat have issued an open letter to Thai judges arguing for significant constitutional change.

Download them in English and ไทย here.

If we have time, we’ll come back to these with some commentary.





Further updated: Somyos, amnesty and lese majeste

31 01 2013

The cruel 11-year sentence meted out to Somyos Prueksakasemsuk – 10 years for lese majeste and an extra years for insulting a autolatric, coup-making general – has caused plenty of reaction. Some of that has been the usual yellow-shirted and monarchist gloating that the monarchy has been “saved” once more by locking up a red shirt. Most of the reaction has been shock and outrage. In this post PPT looks at some of the reaction.Anti112

Some have asked if this case means that the monarchy is an impediment to democratisation in Thailand (a question asked 17-18 years ago in one academic article, well before there was any red shirt movement and when lese majeste was not used so eagerly).  Others have used words like “chilling” and “detrimental” when talking of freedom of expression.

When the EU condemned the verdict, the required ultra-royalist reaction was to protest, with a group of 50 or so royalist xenophobes calling themselves the Monarchy Protection Network or Volunteers ranting that Europeans with constitutional monarchies might better understand “the importance of the monarchy to Thailand.” They grumbled about the king being some kind of military leader and about him having “done a lot for the country” and demanded that anyone being nasty towards their idol be punished. They also drew comparisons with Europe and lese majeste laws there. Of course, their observations on Europe are uninformed, as even a quick look at Wikipedia shows that even the rare uses of the laws usually result in small fines, whereas Thailand’s use of these laws is more in line with feudal Europe.

The more positive reaction has been for the mobilization of protests demanding amnesty and for Article 112 to be abolished or reformed. Even some usually critical of anything considered to have a whiff of Thaksin Shinawatra like ” consumer protection rights advocates and FTA Watch activists are behind the letters to be sent Friday to Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra, Parliament Speaker Somsak Kiatsuranand, and Supreme Court president Phairoj Vayuparb, as well as the chair of the National Human Rights Commission, to seek basic rights for Somyot who has been denied bail 12 times…”.

While Thai journalists continue to be worse than hopeless, the International Federation of Journalists has stated:

“The reactions to the ruling reflect the strength of feeling against the court’s decision which has the potential to damage severely the country’s standing,” said IFJ president Jim Boumelha. “The sentence handed down by the court speaks more to curtailing critical reporting in Thailand than to protecting the monarch.”

The Nation says that the amnesty calls “started with the proposal of the Nitirat group … who called for a charter amendment to make a new provision on amnesty.”

Nitirat proposed that only the demonstrators should be absolved. Their leaders would also benefit from the amnesty if they proved they led the protests because of political conflict, not because they were hired. Of course, those who were jailed under the lese majeste law would also receive the benefit.

But under Nitirat’s proposal, no government officials would be absolved irrespective of whether they were officials carrying out the crackdown orders or they were the officials who gave the orders….

Nitirat also linked the amnesty to the campaign for amendment of Article 112 on lese majeste, so the government could not comply with it.

Therein lies the rub for the timid Yingluck Shinawatra government that has refused to touch lese majeste, fearful of the wrath of the palace and its supporters. The more official red shirts want an amnesty via an executive decree, believing that this would not tread so heavily on any royalist or palace toes.

One way or another, the Yingluck government is now seemingly being cornered by its supporters.

Meanwhile, the Bangkok Post’s Voranai Vanijaka decides that all of this tells us there are real red shirts and fake red shirts. PPT isn’t sure how he would know apart from the fact that he recently spoke with a taxi driver who claimed to be a red shirt. As with most royalists, his focus is Thaksin. He also makes a point about the government’s timidity on lese majeste:

should the government be cowed by the fear of possibly losing power into sacrificing promises of justice, democracy and human rights; or – at the very least – should it have the courage to take some sort of a public stand, starting with the lese majeste law, to simply say something.

Readers might scoff at Voranai, an opponent of red shirts when they have been on the streets and a booster for the Democrat Party, suggesting that his question is a kind of yellow shirt provocation, hoping that the government will do something on amnesty and lese majeste in order that the “tanks and protesters on the streets and judges on the Constitution Court bench” can get into action again. Yet the question for the government is apt: “But to take some sort of a stance, to say a word or two against the abuse and exploitation of the lese majeste law should not be beyond the courage and conviction of the Pheu Thai government.”

Of course, Voranai doesn’t make any comparisons. It cannot be denied that this government’s track record on lese majeste charges is far superior to that of the Abhisit Vejjajiva government, when lese majeste was just one of its tools in filling jails with opponents and censoring opposition media. So at least Voranai can ask about “promises of justice, democracy and human rights” for this government; under Abhisit such questions simply didn’t arise.

Update 1: Asia Provocateur posts on questions raised in the UK parliament regarding the lese majeste sentencing of Somyos. We found the answers interesting, where it was twice stated that the “Government frequently raises human rights concerns with Thailand, both at ministerial and official level.” In addition, the British say:

Following the verdict, the European Union issued a statement expressing deep concern at the decision to sentence Somyot to 10 years imprisonment. The statement noted that the verdict seriously undermined the right to freedom of expression and press freedom. Our ambassador has also raised the issue with the Thai authorities.

Update 2: With respect to the European experience, The Nation has a useful report from an EU-sponsored workshop in Bangkok.

Former Dutch Ambassador to Thailand Tjaco Van Den Hout declared that “diversity, tolerance and broadmindedness are fundamental aspects of human rights in Europe. He stressed that high tolerance for criticism of public figures, including that of politicians and head of state and monarchy, is necessary for a democratic society.”

Lese majeste scholar David Streckfuss pointed out that the “minimum mandatory punishment under Thai lese majeste law, which is three years imprisonment term, is as high as the maximum sentences stipulated in Jordan, Morocco and Belgium.” He added that Thailand, “is unique in the world when it comes to the severity of the law and the frequency of its use.”

Peter Mork Thomsen, a judge from Denmark who handled lese majeste cases said “Danish lese majeste law had no mandatory minimum punishment…”.





Amnesty and red shirts

30 01 2013

Red shirt protesters led by Suda Rangkupan have recently protested the lese majeste sentencing of Somyos Prueksakasemsuk. Now this group has pressured the government on an amnesty for all political prisoners.

The Bangkok Post reports that the government “averted a protracted protest by a red shirt-affiliated group by agreeing to consider an amnesty for political offenders.”

A report in The Nation observes that the group stated that:

… the ruling politicians and red-shirt leadership had made no sincere effort to “return justice to the political prisoners, although the power that you gained directly resulted from the fight of the red-shirt people”. They also urged the government to pass the constitutional amendment proposed by the Nitirat group of academics that is said to offer a general amnesty to settle the political conflict.

After refusing to let Deputy Prime Minister Chalerm Yubamrung off the hook and refused to accept his golden tongue blarney, the group managed to get the government to agree to process the amnesty.

While Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra prevaricated and set out a bureaucratic procedure for the consideration  of amnesty that may eventually sink it, that some red shirts have decided to pressure the government is significant.

That the official UDD is also promoting amnesty suggests that blarney and prevarication may not be a useful long-term political strategy for much longer. Amnesty may at last be on the agenda for political prisoners.





The courts and Nitirat

15 01 2013

PPT recently quoted Nitirat’s Worachet Pakeerut when he explained why a revised constitution should include a section on amnesty:

Why is it to be in the constitution? That’s because an amnesty bill or decree will provide a blanket amnesty, but the proposed amnesty as a constitutional chapter will not cover authorities involved in crackdowns on protests after the Sept 19 coup in 2006 until the last election in 2011…. This [proposal] is unprecedented as it aims to teach a lesson to the authorities. It will be a concrete platform to dismantle the impunity in our society….

Of course, as we predicted, the conservative royalists have essentially responded “Never, ever, not now, not ever…”.

The Bangkok Post reports that a Court of Justice spokesman has delivered a critique saying it “does not conform to international judicial principles…”. We aren’t sure which other country or countries are included, but usually these kinds of claim are ill-informed.

Yes, judicial power is generally  “exerted by the courts,” yet in many disputes there are quasi-legal bodies with legal-like powers – a royal commission is one. But one of the issues with Thai courts is their political bias and corruption. Who will watch the judiciary?

Certainly not the Democrat Party, which rejects any change to constitution or judiciary as an attack on royalist power.





Never, ever, not now, not ever….

9 01 2013

The Nitirat group of Thammasat University law lecturers is again making proposals related to constitutional change. In an article at the Bangkok Post: attention is given to Nitirat’s proposal that political amnesty be a part of constitutional reform.

Because the Yingluck Shinawatra government has faltered on “an amnesty process for rank-and-file red shirts accused of violence during the political unrest in April-May 2010,” Nitirat “wants to put the amnesty as a chapter in the amended charter…”. Nitirat’s Worachet Pakeerut explained:

Why is it to be in the constitution? That’s because an amnesty bill or decree will provide a blanket amnesty, but the proposed amnesty as a constitutional chapter will not cover authorities involved in crackdowns on protests after the Sept 19 coup in 2006 until the last election in 2011…. This [proposal] is unprecedented as it aims to teach a lesson to the authorities. It will be a concrete platform to dismantle the impunity in our society….

This is an important and necessary innovation.

On the proposed amnesty chapter, “a five-member conflict resolution committee would be established and it would have the final say on the amnesty process.”

Predictably, an anonymous “member of the Law Reform Commission (LRC) said introducing national reconciliation laws or amending the constitution to bring about reconciliation could only be achieved when political sentiments were conducive _ and now is not the right time.”

Essentially, the royalist elite will say “not now, not ever” on such a necessary innovation as they reject any proposal that seeks to make Thailand more democratic.

Also in the “not now, not ever” category is a House sub-committee on constitutional change reported at the Bangkok Post. The idea that the principal legal tools of the royalist elite in the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court’s Criminal Section for Holders of Political Positions should be dissolved is anathema to all royalists.

These two judicial bodies have been shown to be politically-biased and corrupt. In particular, the Constitutional Court has demonstrated a role as the proud defender of the indefensible royalist power structure.  Replacing them with new bodies that are independent would be a remarkable innovation.

Line in the sandFurther suggestions by the sub-committee to do away with other politicized bodies such as the Office of the Ombudsman are sure to bring cries of derision. The idea of  only having elected senators also strikes at the heart of the conservative changes wrought by the military-royalist coalition following the 2006 coup.

However, as with all that is associated with the military junta’s constitution, these courts and unelected bodies are on the wrong side of the line in the sand drawn by the royalist elite that continues to see itself as the rightful ruling class.

The fear is that the royalist rulers will lose power. Their cry will continue to be “Never, ever, not now, not ever.”





More on PPT’s Persons of the Year

2 01 2013

As readers know, a couple of days ago, PPT announced our PPT Persons of the Year as being each and every political prisoner who remains locked in a Thai prison. We now want to draw attention to two other blogs that have stories that are relevant to these political prisoners.

First, at Siam Voices, Saksith Saiyasombut writes about lese majeste in 2012 which begins with the headlined notion of “cowardice.” Amongst some excellent points, this one is important:

The chances that the law will be somehow changed (or even just remotely touched by politicians) remain slim as two incidents have shown that it is untouchable: the Constitutional Court rejected a petition by Somyot Pruksakasemsuk and Ekachai Hongkangwan, both currently on trial for lèse majesté, as it does not see the constitutional right to free speech being violated by Article 112 of the Criminal Code. In another story, a bill petition proposing to amend the law – signed by over 30,000 – was dismissed by the speaker of the parliament.

We remain hopeful that brave activists such as those associated with Nitirat can continue the push for change and reform in this area.

Second, The Isaan Record has posted an update on the fate of four red shirt political prisoners from Ubol, now incarcerated in the special prison for red shirts at Laksi. They have languished in jail for two years yet, as the report states:

… the bars of their prison have not been able to keep them completely locked up. Even from within their cells, they continue to fight for their freedom and democracy in Thailand through letters….

The RedFam Fund considers the four to be political prisoners, asserting they have been jailed due to their political beliefs and activism. This resonates within their letters, which hold sentiments not only about their struggle for their release, but also about the need for change in what they believe to be a broken justice system.

One of the prisoners, Teerawat Satsuwan, in a letter to the RedFam Fund, which supports them and their families writes of justice and democracy:

I miss home so much…. But, in the fight, there must always be someone who sacrifices. I am not sad, professor, because I fight for our brothers and sisters. I fight for justice for Thai people. I don’t want anyone to step on the head of the poor, so I fight for democracy so that the poor can receive it.





Blocking history

16 12 2012

Prachatai reports that the Nitirat’s website has been blocked. Specifically, he Ministry of Information and Communications Technology has blocked the page that reproduces the Declaration of the People’s Party in 1932, issued when it overthrew the absolute monarchy.Pridi

PPT knows that the blocking by MICT and by ISPs is often not very consistent, but in this case, it seems that a choice to block one page has been made, and that this amounts to blocking history. We imagine that some loopy ultra-royalist has read the People’s Party announcement, attributed to Pridi Phanomyong, as threatening to the monarchy and reported the page to MICT. The blocking is indicative of the ideological power wielded by the royalist state in “protecting” the monarchy. No one can protect it from history.

The document is reproduced below (with the English translation already posted at PPT):

ประกาศคณะราษฎร ฉบับที่ ๑

ราษฎรทั้งหลาย

เมื่อกษัตริย์องค์นี้ได้ครองราชสมบัติสืบต่อพระเชษฐานั้น ในชั้นต้นราษฎรได้หวังกันว่ากษัตริย์องค์ใหม่นี้จะปกครองราษฎรให้ร่มเย็น แต่การณ์หาเป็นไปตามหวังที่คิดไม่ กษัตริย์คงทรงอำนาจอยู่เหนือกฎหมายตามเดิม ทรงแต่งตั้งญาติวงศ์และคนสอพลอไร้คุณงามความรู้ให้ดำรงตำแหน่งที่สำคัญๆ ไม่ทรงฟังเสียงราษฎร ปล่อยให้ข้าราชการใช้อำนาจหน้าที่ในทางทุจริต มีการรับสินบนในการก่อสร้างซื้อของใช้ในราชการ หากำไรในการเปลี่ยนราคาเงิน ผลาญเงินทองของประเทศ ยกพวกเจ้าขึ้นให้สิทธิพิเศษมากกว่าราษฎร ปกครองโดยขาดหลักวิชา ปล่อยให้บ้านเมืองเป็นไปตามยถากรรม ดังที่จะเห็นได้ในการตกต่ำในการเศรษฐกิจและความฝืดเคืองทำมาหากิน ซึ่งราษฎรได้รู้กันอยู่ทั่วไปแล้ว รัฐบาลของกษัตริย์เหนือกฎหมายมิสามารถแก้ไขให้ฟื้นขึ้นได้ การที่แก้ไขไม่ได้ก็เพราะรัฐบาลของกษัตริย์เหนือกฎหมายมิได้ปกครองประเทศเพื่อราษฎรตามที่รัฐบาลอื่นๆ ได้กระทำกัน รัฐบาลของกษัตริย์ได้ถือเอาราษฎรเป็นทาส (ซึ่งเรียกว่าไพร่บ้าง ข้าบ้าง) เป็นสัตว์เดียรัจฉาน ไม่นึกว่าเป็นมนุษย์ เพราะฉะนั้น แทนที่จะช่วยราษฎร กลับพากันทำนาบนหลังราษฎร จะเห็นได้ว่าภาษีอากรที่บีบคั้นเอาจากราษฎรนั้น กษัตริย์ได้หักเอาไว้ใช้ส่วนตัวปีหนึ่งเป็นจำนวนหลายล้าน ส่วนราษฎรสิ กว่าจะหาได้แต่เล็กน้อย เลือดตาแทบกระเด็น ถึงคราวเสียภาษีราชการหรือภาษีส่วนตัว ถ้าไม่มีเงินรัฐบาลก็ใช้ยึดทรัพย์หรือใช้งานโยธา แต่พวกเจ้ากลับนอนกินกันเป็นสุข ไม่มีประเทศใดในโลกจะให้เงินเจ้ามากเช่นนี้ นอกจากพระเจ้าซาร์และพระเจ้าไกเซอร์เยอรมัน ซึ่งชนชาตินั้นได้โค่นราชบัลลังก์เสียแล้ว

รัฐบาลของกษัตริย์ได้ปกครองอย่างหลอกลวงไม่ซื่อตรงต่อราษฎร มีเป็นต้นว่าจะบำรุงการทำมาหากินอย่างโน้นอย่างนี้ แต่ครั้นคอยๆ ก็เหลวไป หาได้ทำจริงจังไม่ มิหนำซ้ำกล่าวหมิ่นประมาทราษฎรผู้มีบุญคุณเสียภาษีอากรให้พวกเจ้าได้กิน ว่าราษฎรรู้เท่าไม่ถึงเจ้านั้นไม่ใช่เพราะโง่ เป็นเพราะขาดการศึกษาที่พวกเจ้าปกปิดไว้ไม่ให้เรียนเต็มที่ เพราะเกรงว่าราษฎรได้มีการศึกษาก็จะรู้ความชั่วร้ายที่ทำไว้และคงจะไม่ยอมให้ทำนาบนหลังคน

ราษฎรทั้งหลายพึงรู้เถิดว่าประเทศเรานี้เป็นของราษฎร ไม่ใช่ของกษัตริย์ตามที่เขาหลอกลวง บรรพบุรุษของราษฎรเป็นผู้กู้ให้ประเทศเป็นอิสรภาพพ้นมือจากข้าศึก พวกเจ้ามีแต่ชุบมือเปิบและกวาดทรัพย์สมบัติเข้าไว้ตั้งหลายร้อยล้าน เงินเหล่านี้เอามาจากไหน? ก็เอามาจากราษฎรเพราะวิธีทำนาบนหลังคนนั่นเอง ! บ้านเมืองกำลังอัตคัตฝืดเคือง ชาวนาและพ่อแม่ทหารต้องทิ้งนา เพราะทำไม่ได้ผล รัฐบาลไม่บำรุง รัฐบาลไล่คนงานออกอย่างเกลื่อนกลาด นักเรียนที่เรียนสำเร็จแล้วและทหารที่ปลดกองหนุนไม่มีงานทำ จะต้องอดอยากไปตามยถากรรม เหล่านี้เป็นผลของรัฐบาลของกษัตริย์เหนือกฎหมาย บีบคั้นข้าราชการชั้นผู้น้อย นายสิบ และเสมียน เมื่อให้ออกจากงานแล้วไม่ให้เบี้ยบำนาญ ความจริงควรเอาเงินที่กวาดรวบรวมไว้มาจัดบ้านเมืองให้มีงานทำจึงจะสมควรที่สนองคุณราษฎรซึ่งได้เสียภาษีอากรให้พวกเจ้าได้ร่ำรวยมานาน แต่พวกเจ้าก็หาได้ทำอย่างใดไม่ คงสูบเลือดกันเรื่อยไป เงินมีเท่าไหรก็เอาฝากต่างประเทศคอยเตรียมหนีเมื่อบ้านเมืองทรุดโทรม ปล่อยให้ราษฎรอดอยาก การเหล่านี้ย่อมชั่วร้าย

เหตุฉะนั้น ราษฎร ข้าราชการ ทหาร และพลเรือน ที่รู้เท่าถึงการกระทำอันชั่วร้ายของรัฐบาลดังกล่าวแล้ว จึงรวมกำลังตั้งเป็นคณะราษฎรขึ้น และได้ยึดอำนาจของรัฐบาลของกษัตริย์ไว้แล้ว คณะราษฎรเห็นว่าการที่จะแก้ความชั่วร้ายก็โดยที่จะต้องจัดการปกครองโดยมีสภา จะได้ช่วยกันปรึกษาหารือหลายๆ ความคิดดีกว่าความคิดเดียว ส่วนผู้เป็นประมุขของประเทศนั้น คณะราษฎรไม่มีประสงค์ทำการชิงราชสมบัติ ฉะนั้น จึงขอเชิญให้กษัตริย์องค์นี้ดำรงตำแหน่งกษัตริย์ต่อไป แต่จะต้องอยู่ใต้กฎหมายธรรมนูญการปกครองของแผ่นดิน จะทำอะไรโดยลำพังไม่ได้ นอกจากความเห็นชอบของสภาผู้แทนราษฎร คณะราษฎรได้แจ้งความเห็นนี้ให้กษัตริย์ทราบแล้ว เวลานี้ยังอยู่ในความรับตอบ ถ้ากษัตริย์ตอบปฏิเสธหรือไม่ตอบภายในกำหนดโดยเห็นแก่ส่วนตนว่าจะถูกลดอำนาจลงมาก็จะชื่อว่าทรยศต่อชาติ และก็เป็นการจำเป็นที่ประเทศจะต้องมีการปกครองอย่างประชาธิปไตย กล่าวคือ ประมุขของประเทศจะเป็นบุคคลสามัญซึ่งสภาผู้แทนราษฎรได้ตั้งขึ้น อยู่ในตำแหน่งตามกำหนดเวลา ตามวิธีนี้ราษฎรพึงหวังเถิดว่าราษฎรจะได้รับความบำรุงอย่างดีที่สุด ทุกๆ คนจะมีงานทำ เพราะประเทศของเราเป็นประเทศที่อุดมอยู่แล้วตามสภาพ เมื่อเราได้ยึดเงินที่พวกเจ้ารวบรวมไว้จากการทำนาบนหลังคนตั้งหลายร้อยล้านมาบำรุงประเทศขึ้นแล้ว ประเทศจะต้องเฟื่องฟูขึ้นเป็นแม่นมั่น การปกครองซึ่งคณะราษฎรจะพึงกระทำก็คือ จำต้องวางโครงการอาศัยหลักวิชา ไม่ทำไปเหมือนคนตาบอด เช่นรัฐบาลที่มีกษัตริย์เหนือกฏหมายทำมาแล้ว เป็นหลักใหญ่ๆ ที่คณะราษฎรวางไว้ มีอยู่ว่า

๑.จะต้องรักษาความเป็นเอกราชทั้งหลาย เช่นเอกราชในทางการเมือง การศาล ในทางเศรษฐกิจ ฯลฯ ของประเทศไว้ให้มั่นคง

๒.จะต้องรักษาความปลอดภัยภายในประเทศ ให้การประทุษร้ายต่อกันลดน้อยลงให้มาก

๓.ต้องบำรุงความสุขสมบูรณ์ของราษฎรในทางเศรษฐกิจ โดยรัฐบาลใหม่จะจัดหางานให้ราษฎรทุกคนทำ จะวางโครงการเศรษฐกิจแห่งชาติ ไม่ปล่อยให้ราษฎร อดอยาก

๔.จะต้องให้ราษฎรมีสิทธิเสมอภาคกัน (ไม่ใช่พวกเจ้ามีสิทธิยิ่งกว่าราษฎร เช่นที่เป็นอยู่)

๕.จะต้องให้ราษฎรได้มีเสรีภาพ มีความเป็นอิสระ เมื่อเสรีภาพนี้ไม่ขัดต่อหลัก ๕ ประการดังกล่าวข้างต้น

๖.จะต้องให้การศึกษาอย่างเต็มที่แก่ราษฎร

ราษฎรทั้งหลายจงพร้อมกันช่วยคณะราษฎรให้ทำกิจอันคงจะอยู่ชั่วดินฟ้านี้ให้สำเร็จ คณะราษฎรขอให้ทุกคนที่มิได้ร่วมมือเข้ายึดอำนาจจากรัฐบาลกษัตริย์เหนือกฎหมายพึงตั้งอยู่ในความสงบและตั้งหน้าหากิน อย่าทำการใดๆ อันเป็นการขัดขวางต่อคณะราษฎรนี้ เท่ากับราษฎรช่วยประเทศและช่วยตัวราษฎร บุตร หลาน เหลน ของตนเอง ประเทศจะมีความเป็นเอกราชอย่างพร้อมบริบูรณ์ ราษฎรจะได้รับความปลอดภัย ทุกคนจะต้องมีงานทำไม่ต้องอดตาย ทุกคนจะมีสิทธิเสมอกัน และมีเสรีภาพจากการเป็นไพร่ เป็นข้า เป็นทาสพวกเจ้า หมดสมัยที่เจ้าจะทำนาบนหลังราษฎร สิ่งที่ทุกคนพึงปรารถนาคือ ความสุขความเจริญอย่างประเสริฐซึ่งเรียกเป็นศัพท์ว่า “ศรีอาริย์” นั้น ก็จะพึงบังเกิดขึ้นแก่ราษฎรถ้วนหน้า

คณะราษฎร

๒๔ มิถุนายน ๒๔๗๕





Achara interviews Joe Gordon

10 11 2012

Achara Ashayagachat at the Bangkok Post has joined those interviewing lese majeste victim Joe Gordon as he returns home to the United States. This level of critical comment by one who has been convicted and released is unusual, and PPT hopes Joe eventually writes up his experience.

Joe again talks about The King Never Smiles. (It seems that the Post is unable to mention the book’s title.) He says he “did buy the book from a bookstore. It was published by Yale University Press and was written in an academic style.” He adds that reading it and posting links to it and unauthorized translations was his right and that he was a “victim of polarised Thai politics. I was in Thailand for health reasons but was dragged into dirty politics.”

A Bangkok Post photo

On prison, he states: “Prison conditions were far beyond being acceptable.”

On repeated refusals of bail for lese majeste inmates: “Without bail, the accused are never able to defend themselves well.”

On the lese majeste law: “It’s a shame that this government doesn’t dare to touch on the controversial aspects. I truly support the Nitirat group in its push for for the amendment [of the law], although I think what we really need is its abolition…. The law is used by conservatives to destroy the progressives.”

On the U.S., lese majeste and his case: “I was dismayed that the US issued a mild statement when I was convicted in December…”. PPT agrees that the U.S. State Department, the U.S. Embassy and Ambassador Kristie Kenney should be ashamed; they were spineless.

Finally, Joe notes that the “lese majeste law has shown its effect in sabotaging the institution of the monarchy rather than fostering and protecting it.” PPT understands this point but also views lese majeste as a part of the foundation of the repressive royalist state.





Protecting the lese majeste law

4 11 2012

There’s a brief story at Prachatai, which many readers will have seen, that deserves emphasis, especially as it is unlikely to get much attention in the mainstream media. Once again, it shows how the conservative elite in Thailand is more than willing to take arguably illegal action when “protecting” the monarchy and when “protecting” the law that “protects the monarchy.”

On 29 May 2012, a bill was “proposed by academics and citizens to change Article 112 of the Criminal Code,” and was signed by 30,383 persons. It was presented to parliament by “Charnvit Kasetsiri, former Rector of Thammasat University, the Campaign Committee for the Amendment of Article 112 and hundreds of activists…”. The proposal was associated with the Nitirat legal group.

Chapter 7 of the 2007 Constitution is about “Direct Political Participation of the Public” and  Section 163 states: “The persons having the right to vote of not less than ten thousand in number shall have a right to submit a petition to the President of the National Assembly to consider such bill as prescribed in Chapter 3 and Chapter 5 of this Constitution.”

Prachatai reports that on 26 September the President of Parliament has summarily dismissed this popularly proposed bill with the claim that (p. 31 in this PDF, snipped below) the bill was not in accordance with chapters 3 and 5 of the constitution.

That this is a pathetic and spineless response to more than 30,000 voters is indicated when one considers that there are 43 sections in Chapter 3 of the Constitution and 17 in Chapter 5. Sure, this is a summary of the decision, and PPT would hope that this representative of the people would have sufficient sense and manners to actually specify which of the 60 sections he considers are infringed by the proposed bill.

Essentially this decision by the parliament’s boss is decreeing that no citizen or group of citizens has any right to call fr amendments to the lese majeste law under the constitution. That is, the interpretation must be that the monarchy outweighs more than 68 million citizens. We can think of no double standard in Thai law that is more obvious than this one: that judiciary, law, constitution and administrative rules are designed to protect the wealthiest and most powerful. Of course, the conservative ruling class demands this as the foundation on which all privilege and all other double standards are constructed. And when this class wants to toss out laws, it can use the repressive power of the military to achieve its ends.





Updated: Tul on lese majeste

18 10 2012

The Nation quotes ultra-royalist Tul Sitthisomwong observation on opponents of the lese majeste law: “It’s not that they are against the lese majeste law per se. Their concept is that the institution of monarchy impedes true democracy.”

Wrong and right at the same time! PPT and lots of other who want the lese majeste law abolished oppose it because it is a bad law that is used to attack political opponents and to lock up dissidents. The greatest use of the lese majeste and related laws is when political repression is at its highest (as in 1976-78 and 2006-11). That said, Tul is right to observe that the monarchy as presently constituted in Thailand impedes true democracy. The monarchy sits atop a political and economic structure that has been created using the power of the state to maintain social, political and economic inequality. Indeed, the monarchy’s huge wealth is created and buttressed by a military-dominated and violent state, of which the lese majeste law is just one element of repression and control.

The history of opposition to this royalist system has seen thousands of Thais murdered by the state and tens of thousands jailed. Democracy with the monarchy as its icon and the military as its enforcer is no democracy at all.

Update: The Bangkok Post reports on Nitirat member Jantajira Eiamayura commenting on the “Constitution Court’s Oct 10 ruling that the lese majeste law was constitutional because the King, as the head of state, was entitled to protection under the law.” Jantajira argued that “the lese majeste law was in conflict with freedom of expression, despite the court’s ruling to the contrary. She argued that the law allows anyone to make a lese majeste accusation, allows no right to bail, does not distinguish between insult and criticism in good faith, and restricts citizens’ rights and liberties as guaranteed by the constitution.” She added that “if the lese majeste law was necessary to protect the monarchy, then other institutions such as parliament and the cabinet needed special laws to protect them too.” We are not sure the latter is correct. What is important is abolishing a law that prevents freedom of expression and bolsters a rotten state.








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